The inhabitants of the Mississippian culture were the first to live in the Nashville area; later, the Shawnee, Cherokee and, Chickasaw peoples came to live in the area as well. In 1717, a fur trading post known as French Lick was constructed on the location by French fur traders.
Richard Henderson, a North Carolina lawyer who in 1775 acquired most of middle Tennessee and Kentucky from the Cherokees as part of the Transylvania Purchase, was a driving influence behind the area’s population and development.
When he discovered the Cumberland Valley, he dispatched a group under James Robertson to study it. They made their home in French Lick and were joined in the spring of 1780 by another party commanded by John Donelson, who also made their home there.
Fort Nashborough, which was built on the location and named for American Revolutionary War general Francis Nash, served as the community’s focal point. Among Henderson’s many accomplishments is his writing of the Cumberland Compact, the settlers’ declaration of self-government that was adopted in 1776. Nashville became the official name of the city in 1784.
In 1806 Nashville received its charter as a city, and it grew to serve as a river commerce station and manufacturing center for middle Tennessee, eventually becoming the state’s political center.
Read more: Famous People from Nashville, TN
The introduction of railroads in the 1850s greatly increased the city’s commercial significance. When Union troops captured Nashville in February 1862, the city was surrounded by Confederate forces, and the final major American Civil War battle (on December 15–16, 1864) was fought outside the city limits, when Union forces under Gen. George H. Thomas defeated Confederate forces under Gen. John B. Hood.
As a result of its key location in the region’s rail and water transportation networks, Nashville was able to recover quickly during World War II.
The city became well-known for the numerous schools of higher learning that were established there, earning the moniker “Athens of the South.” When it came to the first decades of the twentieth century, Nashville’s economy and population grew at a quick pace.
It was also during this period that the city began to establish itself as a major center for traditional and country music in the United States. A program of country music known as the Grand Ole Opry began broadcasting regularly on radio in Nashville in 1925 and has continued to this day.
As a result of inexpensive electric power made available by the Tennessee Valley Authority and by dams on the Cumberland River in the 1930s, the industrial growth of Nashville picked up speed.
However, when the Cumberland River flooded following a two-day downpour in May 2010, it caused extensive damage to major areas of the city and claimed the lives of a number of people.
In today’s world, the economy is highly diverse. One of the most important factors is the music and entertainment business, and other services such as health care, banking and insurance, and education all make significant contributions.
Manufacturing, printing, and publishing, as well as tourism, are all key industries in the country. As a result of its central location, which is complemented by an international airport, port facilities on the Cumberland River, and rail and highway links, the city serves as a distribution and transportation hub.
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